The most commercial and popular genre of Iranian cinema during the Pahlavi era, Fīlmfārsī regularly introduced certain stock character types such as the Lūtī, Jāhil, and Javānmard. This form of film is characterized by music, song, dancing, and action, but it lacks a serious screenplay and cinematic structure, and stands in stark contrast to Iran’s New Wave and aesthetic cinema, which emerged in the 1960s. The Velvet Chapeau (Kulāh Makhmalī) was typical of Fīlmfārsī, because masculine characters of these films mostly wore velvet hats.